Education in mathematics, science, and reading shapes nations鈥� abilities to address the pressing challenges of our time, from climate change to the pace of technological development.
Since 1995, researchers at 涩里番下载鈥檚 Lynch School of Education and Human Development have assessed achievement worldwide, building an unparalleled trove of data that informs education research and policy in more than 70 countries.聽
“Parents and policymakers want to know what factors are associated with student achievement.”
The Lynch School is home to the longest-running global assessment of student achievement in science and math, IEA鈥檚 Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS), and the Progress in International Reading Literacy Study (PIRLS), the global standard for assessing reading achievement. Conducted every four and five years, respectively, TIMSS and PIRLS gather data on both student achievement and contextual factors ranging from socioeconomic status to student attitudes, yielding results that illuminate both the what and the why of educational achievement.
Monan Professor Matthias von Davier
鈥淧arents and policymakers want to know what factors are associated with student achievement,鈥� says Matthias von Davier, the Lynch School鈥檚 Monan Professor of Education and executive director of 涩里番下载鈥檚 TIMSS & PIRLS International Study Center. 鈥淲hat role does the school system play? How does teacher training factor in? How about curriculum differences? What role are socioeconomic factors playing?鈥�
To gather this nuanced data, the surveys combine subject-area tests with questionnaires for students, teachers, administrators, and parents. Sometimes, their findings reveal global trends. 鈥淔or instance, it鈥檚 highly consistent that girls do better than boys in reading comprehension across participating countries, and that families鈥� self-reported socioeconomic status correlates strongly with student outcomes,鈥� von Davier says. Although such challenges are complex, he says, TIMSS and PIRLS can provide 鈥渁 trigger point for action and policy change.鈥�
TIMSS 2023 is one of the most鈥攊f not the most鈥攃omplex international studies of student achievement to date, involving hundreds of researchers, thousands of classrooms and educators, and administrators from 72 participating countries.
This year, the TIMSS & PIRLS International Study Center and colleagues at the International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (known as IEA) are conducting the eighth quadrennial TIMSS survey鈥攖he first to be delivered in a fully digital format. Conducted at two grade levels simultaneously, TIMSS 2023 is one of the most鈥攊f not the most鈥攃omplex international studies of student achievement to date, involving hundreds of researchers, thousands of classrooms and educators, and administrators from 72 participating countries. Beyond national research centers and educators within countries, several international partners are contributing to translation verification, statistical sampling, test delivery software, and response scoring, among other aspects of the survey.
Transitioning to a digital format presented new challenges in developing regions, and TIMSS has accommodated a variety of options beyond fully online testing to allow delivery on USB sticks or via local infrastructure in areas where stable high-speed internet is unavailable. 鈥淭he digital format allows us to assess essential skills we weren鈥檛 able to assess on paper, such as students鈥� ability to do online research, conduct virtual science experiments, or solve computer-based math problems,鈥� von Davier says.聽
TIMSS and PIRLS also offer fine-grained data about differences in achievement among regions and types of schools. Rather than pointing toward one-size-fits-all solutions, von Davier says, they highlight the highly specific challenges and strengths of each region and school.
Collage of prompts from TIMSS 2023 assessment
鈥淚n one region or school, the key challenge might be improving curricula, but in another, it could be that students don鈥檛 feel comfortable because of school culture or a lack of resources. Ideally, countries use our results to better understand and address gaps and disparities.鈥澛�
When the TIMSS 2023 results are published in December 2024, the team will gear up to complete the study鈥檚 first longitudinal survey, TIMSS-L, which will reassess students in some TIMSS 2023 countries a year later to examine how achievement in participating countries grows over one year.聽
鈥淚t鈥檚 rewarding to be able to support the community of education researchers with a free, accessible database,鈥� von Davier says. 鈥淥ur goal is for these results to help spark many future research projects around the world.鈥�